Tax planning

Retirement's Biggest Bill Isn't Spending — It's Taxes

A sample plan's full 46-year tax timeline, with the ACA cliff, Medicare IRMAA, and $3.38M saved by the right withdrawal order.

By · Updated July 18, 2026 · 1:00 demo

Numbers shown are from a sample plan, for illustration only — not financial advice.

What you'll see

This demo opens on a sample plan's full 46-year tax timeline — every year from age 48 to 93, priced before the retiree gets there. On $276,000 a year of planned spending, the chart totals $3.54M of tax and IRMAA surcharges across the horizon, with a red marker at age 48 showing where the ACA subsidy cliff cuts in (MAGI over 400% of the poverty line) and a dashed line at 65 where Medicare — and IRMAA — begin.

Clicking into age 48 opens a year-by-year breakdown: MAGI of $222,513, $276,000 of lifestyle spending, $309,169 of total cash need, $44,211 of capital gains, and $23,131 of tax, with the ACA subsidy explicitly zeroed out because the plan is over the cliff. Below it, the bucket-aware withdrawal order — taxable, then tax-deferred, then Roth — is shown against the actual account mix ($9.75M / $614k / $40k), alongside a note to hold roughly two years of spending in cash as a sequence-of-returns buffer.

Toggling that draw order off and back on demonstrates the payoff directly: sequencing the withdrawals correctly, on its own, saves an estimated $3.38M of tax across the plan.

Chapters

  • 0:00Retirement's biggest bill isn't spending — the Tax Planning view opens on a sample plan.
  • 0:0846 years of taxes, priced before you get there.
  • 0:21IRMAA stacks on at 65 — billed on a 2-year lookback.
  • 0:32Click any year — see exactly where the bill comes from.
  • 0:40Draw order alone: $3.38M saved.

Why it matters

  • Prices tax, IRMAA, and the ACA cliff for every year of the plan, not just a single “effective tax rate” assumption.
  • Uses bucket-aware withdrawal sequencing (taxable → tax-deferred → Roth) that's shown here saving an estimated $3.38M.
  • Surfaces IRMAA's two-year income lookback, a detail that's easy to miss until the surcharge shows up.
  • Links directly to the Roth conversion planner for years where converting could lower future tax.

FAQ

What does “bucket-aware” withdrawal mean?

It means the order you draw from taxable, tax-deferred, and Roth accounts is optimized year by year, rather than pulled from one account at a time — the demo shows this saving an estimated $3.38M versus a flat draw.

Why does the ACA cliff show up in a tax-planning demo?

Once modified adjusted gross income crosses 400% of the poverty line, ACA subsidies disappear entirely — it's a cliff, not a gradual phase-out, so it belongs in the same year-by-year tax view as IRMAA and ordinary tax.

What's NIIT?

The 3.8% Net Investment Income Tax, a federal surtax on investment income above certain thresholds — one of several taxes layered into the timeline alongside ordinary tax and IRMAA.

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RetireOdds publishes educational content to help you make informed decisions. It is not financial, investment, or tax advice. Figures shown are from a sample plan for illustration.